What is the ASTM E84 test standard?

The ASTM E84 test standard, also known as the "Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials", is a widely used method for evaluating the surface burning characteristics of building materials. The standard is published by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and is commonly used in the construction industry to assess the fire performance of a wide range of building materials, including wall and ceiling systems, insulation materials, and decorative finishes.

The ASTM E84 test method involves exposing a sample of the material to a controlled flame ignition source and measuring the rate of flame spread and smoke density. The test is performed in a test chamber, where the sample is mounted vertically on a wall and exposed to a gas-fired radiant heat source. The flame spread and smoke density are measured as the sample is exposed to the heat source for a set period of time.

The results of the ASTM E84 test are expressed in terms of flame spread index (FSI) and smoke developed index (SDI). The FSI is a measure of the rate and distance of flame spread along the surface of the material, while the SDI is a measure of the amount of smoke produced by the burning material. The test results are used to classify the material into one of three categories: Class A, Class B, or Class C. Class A materials have the best fire resistance properties, while Class C materials have the least fire resistance.

In summary, the ASTM E84 test standard is a widely used method for evaluating the surface burning characteristics of building materials. The test measures the flame spread index and smoke developed index of the material and is used to classify the material into one of three categories based on its fire resistance properties.