Textile testing needs to be carried out in a constant temperature and humidity environment, and a series of tests on textiles can meet market requirements. This article introduces 16 points about
textile testing laboratories.
1. Constant temperature and humidity laboratory construction
Regarding textiles, the temperature and humidity settings are generally 20±1℃ and relative humidity 65%±2%. The number of cycles of the air volume is 15-30 times/hour, the noise should be less than 55 decibels, and fresh air should be added. The constant temperature and humidity laboratory is generally divided into three areas: buffer room (to ensure the stability of temperature and humidity), independent air-conditioning room and constant temperature and humidity room.
2. Office
The office should be as independent as possible from the inspection area. The office is mainly equipped with desks, office chairs, office computers, printers, etc. The style and color of the furniture should be unified, the color of the office environment should be clean and bright, the lighting arrangement should be reasonable, and there should be plenty of light. In addition, there are related fire-fighting facilities such as smoke alarms and fire extinguishers.
3. Sample room
The sample receiving room needs to be equipped with a sample receiving workbench for the office of the sample receiving personnel. At the same time, it is equipped with a sample transfer cart or transfer frame. The transfer frame can be marked with "ordinary test", "expedited test" and "extra urgent test" to place test samples of different test cycles.
4. Reference Room
The data room is mainly used to store test records and reports and other data files. File cabinets are placed in this area, which can be locked. At the same time, there must be related fire-fighting facilities such as smoke alarms and fire extinguishers.
5. Sample preparation room
It is mainly the area where the test sample is prepared, but the area is generally not very small, because there are sewing machines, cutting equipment, laboratory benches and sample temporary storage racks, etc., and corresponding power supplies and sockets must be equipped.
6. Solarium
There will be a tanning instrument in the tanning room, which is a device that simulates sunlight, and a hanger is also equipped for hanging samples. The sun exposure equipment needs to be exhausted, and ventilation and exhaust should be considered when planning the laboratory. In addition, pay attention to the ground anti-skid and power supply configuration when designing.
7. Washing room
In the washing room, a washing machine, a dry cleaning machine, a washing color fastness tester and a perspiration rack are placed. The ground is generally non-slip ground, and water inflow and drainage need to be handled (to prevent poor drainage, it is recommended to reserve a floor drain). In addition, the washing machine has high power and needs a separate power supply.
8. Hanging dry room
This function is relatively simple, and is used to hang clothes to dry. Some clothes hangers are mainly placed. Under normal circumstances, this area needs to be planned in a ventilated and dry space. At the same time, it is necessary to consider the anti-skid of the ground when decorating the laboratory.
9. Darkroom
In the dark room, the light source is mainly placed in the color box. The test item is chromaticity rating, and the interference of external light sources must be excluded. Darkroom environment requires stable illumination under different external environments, and the light source needs to be turned off or isolated. Avoid reflections on the walls and floors, and use materials with low reflection rates and dark colors when decorating the laboratory.
10. Balance room
Analytical balance is a common instrument necessary for chemical laboratories. High-precision balances have certain requirements for the environment: anti-vibration, dust-proof, windproof, direct sunlight, corrosive gas erosion, and relatively constant temperature. Therefore, the balance is usually set in a dedicated balance room to meet these requirements. In addition, in order to improve the detection efficiency, the balance room should be close to the pretreatment room.
11. Combustion chamber
There will be a combustion tester, a fume hood and a test bench in the combustion chamber, and the need for ventilation and exhaust must be considered. In addition, combustion requires gas (butane or propane), and gas pipelines are required.
12. Composition analysis room
The quantification of fibers in textiles is mainly chemical dissolution method, and the dissolution of fibers is mainly carried out in the composition analysis room. Fume hoods, test benches and sprinkler devices will be placed in this function, and the requirements for ventilation and exhaust, water in and out are required. In addition,
13. Pretreatment room
The pre-processing room is the main area for experimental operations. The textile laboratory contains the testing of organic and inorganic items. Therefore, two functional rooms should be considered when planning the laboratory: the organic pre-processing room and the inorganic pre-processing room.
The organic pretreatment room is mainly used for sample processing of organic items. Various organic reagents are required during the test. Because most organic reagents are volatile, they must be carried out in a fume hood, and the room must have good ventilation and supplementation. wind. Therefore, the main equipment in the organic pretreatment room is a fume hood, a central station (a universal exhaust hood is also equipped on the table), a reagent cabinet, and of course, the necessary safety device: an emergency spray device.
Inorganic pretreatment room is mainly for sample pretreatment of inorganic items. Strong corrosive acid is needed during the test. Therefore, anti-corrosion materials must be considered when furnishing in this area, and good ventilation and air supply should be provided in the room. .
14. Storage room
The storage room has a sample storage room and a medicine storage room. In the ordinary storage room, 300-600mm wide cabinets can be set according to actual needs, and the passage between the cabinets should be able to pass through the trolley. The storage room must be well ventilated, avoid direct sunlight, and be dry and clean.
In the sample storage room, the temperature and humidity requirements are specified in accordance with the nature of the sample, and a thermometer and hygrometer should be used to monitor and record to ensure the stability of the sample. In addition, the sample room needs to be managed by a special person, and the entrance and exit doors need to be locked and set permissions.
In the drug storage room, there are designated requirements for the storage of different chemicals, and the storage site must meet the national standards for safety and fire protection requirements. And set up obvious signs, storage equipment and safety facilities should be tested regularly, and set up automatic fire extinguishing devices in the warehouse. Equipped with lockable cabinets and authorized access control, unauthorized personnel are not allowed to enter the storage room at will.
15. Instrument analysis room
The indoor environment requirements of the instrument analysis room are higher than those of the pre-processing room. The instrument analysis room usually needs to consider the requirements of temperature and humidity control, dustproof, exhaust air, supplementary air, gas supply and shock resistance. Analytical instruments commonly used in textile chemistry laboratories include chromatography-mass spectrometry, liquid chromatograph, ICP, atomic absorption spectrometer, spectrophotometer, etc.
16.Cleaning room
As a functional room for intensive washing of experimental utensils in the construction of a chemical laboratory. The size of the room should be determined according to the daily workload. The location of the cleaning room should be close to the pre-treatment room. There are usually washing stations, drying boxes and utensil cabinets in the room. The room must have good ventilation facilities, and the ground must have a good drainage slope and floor drain. Of course, if the laboratory does not have a large amount of testing, it is not necessary to have a cleaning room, and the utensils can be cleaned in the pretreatment room.
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