This part of IS0 105 specifies a method intended for determining the resistance of the colour of textiles of all kinds and in all forms to the action of an artificial light source representative of natural daylight (Des).The method is also applicable to white (bleached or optically brightened) textiles.
This method allows the use of two different sets of blue wool references. The results from the two different sets of references may not be identical.
NOTE 1 General information on colour fastness to light is given in annex C.
Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which,through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of IS0 105. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of IS0 105 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
IS0 105-AOl : 1994, Textiles - Tests for co/our fastness - Part AOl: General principles of testing.
IS0 %05-AO2:1993, Textiles - Tests for co/our fast ness - Part A02: Grey scale for assessing change in
co/our.
IS0 105-AO5:4 Textiles - Tests for colour fastness
- Part A05: Method for the instrumental assessment of the change in colour of a test specimen.
I SO 1050BO 1 :-*I, Textiles - Tests for colour fastness
- Part 801: Co/our fastness to light: Daylight.
IS0 105-B05:1993, Textiles - Tests for co/our fastness - Part B05: Detection and assessment of
photochromism.
IS0 3696: 1987, Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods.
CIE Publication No. 51, Method for assessing the quality of daylight simulators for calorimetry.
Principle
A specimen of the textile to be tested is exposed to artificial light under prescribed conditions, along with a set of blue wool references. The colour fastness is assessed by comparing the change in colour of the test specimen with that of the references used.
For white (bleached or optically brightened) textiles,the colour fastness is assessed by comparing the change in whiteness of the specimens with that of the reference used.
Reference materials and apparatus
4.1 Reference materials
Either of two sets of blue wool references may be used. The results from the two sets of references are not interchangeable.
The colour fastness ratings mentioned in this part of IS0 105 are obtained by comparison with either blue wool references 1 to 8 (preferable in Europe) or blue wool references L2 to L9 (preferable in America).
4.1.1 References 1 to 8
Blue wool references developed and produced in Europe are identified by the numerical designation 1 to 8. These references are blue wool cloths dyed with the dyes listed in table 1. They range from 1 (very low colour fastness) to 8 (very high fastness) so that each higher-numbered reference is approximately twice as fast as the preceding one.
4.1.2 References L2 to L9
Blue wool references developed and produced in the United States are identified by the letter L followed by the numerical designation 2 to 9. These eight references are specially prepared by blending varying proportions of wool dyed with Cl Mordant Blue 1 (Colour Index, third edition, 43830) and wool dyed with Cl Solubilized Vat Blue 8 (Colour Index, third edition, 73801) so that each higher-numbered reference is approximately twice as fast as the preceding reference.
4.1.3 Humidity test control
Effective humidity is defined as the combination of air and surface temperatures and air relative humidity which governs the moisture content of the surface of the test specimen during exposure. The effective humidity can be measured only by determining the colour fastness of a specific humidity test control.For the purposes of this part of IS0 105, the humidity test control is a red azoic dyed cotton cloth.
This control has been calibrated by exposing it facing south in several Western European locations at different times of the year, the exposures being made together with the references in sealed vessels containing air maintained at constant humidities between 0 and 100 %; the results did not vary greatly and the mean values are shown in figure 1.
When this control was exposed under the conditions specified in IS0 105-BOl in temperate zones, its colour fastness was found to be, on average, 5.
4.2 Apparatus
4.2.1 Xenon arc lamp apparatus, either air-cooled or water-cooled. The specimens and the references are exposed in one of the two types of apparatus (see 4.2.1 .l and
4.2.1.2). The variation in light intensity over the area covered by the specimens and references shall not exceed + 10 % of the mean. The recommended level of irradiance (radiant power per unit area) measured by a radiometer (4.2.6) is 42 W/m’ x wavelength, in nanometres, at 300 nm to 400 nm, equivalent in cases of water-cooled xenon arc apparatus to 1,l W/m* x wavelength, in nanometres, at 420 nm. The distances from the surface of the specimen and from the surfaces of the references to the lamp shall be the same.
4.2.1.1 Air-cooled xenon arc lamp apparatus (see annex A), consisting of the following elements:NOTE 2 For exposure conditions preferable for use in Europe, see 6.1.
a) Light source, in a well-ventilated exposure chamber.
The light source shall consist of a xenon arc lamp of correlated colour temperature 5 500 K to 6 500 K, the size of which will depend on the type of apparatus used.
b) Light filter, placed between the light source and the specimens and references so that the ultraviolet spectrum is steadily reduced.The transmission of the filter system used shall be at least 90 % between 380 nm and 750 nm, falling to 0 between 310 nm and 320 nm.
c) Heat filter, placed between the light source and the specimens and references so that the amount of infrared (IR) radiation contained in the xenon arc spectrum is steadily reduced (see A.1 .l and A.2.2).
If a glass or water filter is used to eliminate excess infrared radiation so as to meet the temperature conditions specified in 4.2, frequent cleaning shall be carried out to avoid unwanted filtering caused by dirt (see B.l.4).
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