Hard protuberances or hard particles forced against and moving along a solid surface is known as abrasive wear. These hard particles may be common abrasives such as silicon carbide and aluminum oxide, or naturally occurring contaminates such as dust particles and sand [crystalline silica (quartz)]. Rolling abrasion or three-body abrasion occurs in case the abrasive particles are allowed to roll.
1、Adhesive wear – Adhesive wear is caused by localized bonding between contacting solid surfaces resulting in material transfer between the two surfaces or loss from either surface. Adhesive wear is not as common as abrasive wear and takes place when materials slide against each other without any lubrication. This type involves local cold welds being formed between surfaces contacting under a load and plowing or tangential shearing of junctions. This type of wear involves the formation of local cold welds between surfaces contacting under a load and plowing or tangential shearing of the junctions.
2.Catastrophic wear – Accelerating or rapidly occurring surface damage, deterioration or change of shape caused by wear to the degree that the component’s service life is considerably shortened or function destroyed.
Corrosive wear – In this kind of wear, electrochemical or chemical reactions with the environment are significant.
Crocking – Color transfer from a colored fabric surface to an adjacent area of the same fabric or to another surface by rubbing action.
Cutting wear – In solid impingement erosion, cutting wear is the erosive wear related to the dissipation of kinetic energy of impact arising from the tangential component of the velocity of the impacting particles.
Deformation wear – In solid impingement erosion, deformation wear is the erosive wear of a material related to the dissipation of kinetic energy of impact arising from the normal component of the velocity of the impacting particles. It is hence the sole component of wear for particles impacting at a 90° angle of attack.
Erosion – This is the damage caused by particulate in liquids or gases striking a surface.
3.Erosive wear – Erosive wear involves progressive loss of original material from a solid surface because of mechanical interaction between that surface and a fluid, multi-component fluid, or impinging liquid or solid particles.
Fatigue wear – This is the wear of a solid surface caused by fracture arising from material fatigue.
Fretting wear – This is the wear that arises as a result of fretting which, in tribology, involves a small amplitude oscillatory motion, usually tangential, between two solid surfaces in contact
Frosting – Frosting is a change in color in a restricted area of fabric caused by abrasive wear.
Impact wear – This is the wear because of collisions between two solid bodies where some component of the motion is perpendicular to the tangential plane of contact.
Mar abrasion – Mar abrasion includes permanent deformations that have not ruptured the surface of a coating, but change or mar the appearance of its surface.
Pitting – This is a form of wear characterized by the presence of surface cavities, the formation of which is attributed to processes such as fatigue, local adhesion, or cavitations.
Rolling wear – This includes wear because of the relative motion between two non-conforming solid bodies whose surface velocities in the nominal contact location are identical in magnitude, direction and sense.
Rolling abrasion – This is an abrasion form that takes place when debris or abrasive particles or debris are allowed to “roll” between the surface and a contacting substance.
Scoring – This is a severe wear form that appears as extensive scratches and grooves in the direction of sliding.
Scratching – The mechanical removal or displacement, or both, of materials from a surface by the action of abrasive particles or protuberances sliding across the surfaces. Typically in the form of a line, caused by the relative movement of an object across and in contact with the surface.
Scuffing – This is a wear form that occurs in inadequately lubricated tribo-systems that is characterized by macroscopically observed changes in surface texture with features related to the direction of relative motion.
Sliding wear – This is a kind of wear due to relative motion in the tangential plane of contact between two solid bodies. This is typically recognized by linear grooves that are generated from a reciprocating or unidirectional contact.
Three-body wear – This is an abrasive wear form in which wear occurs due to loose particles generated of introduced between the contacting surfaces.
4.Two-body abrasive wear – This is an abrasive wear form in which the protuberances or hard particles that produce the wear of one body are fixed on the surface of the opposing body.
5.Wear – Damage to a solid surface, generally involving progressive loss of material, due to relative motion between that surface and a contacting substance or substances.
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